ERA5

ERA

The ECMWF reanalysis project is a meteorological reanalysis project carried out by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Climate reanalyses combine observations with models to generate consistent time series of multiple climate variables. The first reanalysis product, ERA-15, generated reanalyses for approximately 15 years, from December 1978 to February 1994. The second product, ERA-40 (originally intended as a 40-year reanalysis) begins in 1957 (the International Geophysical Year) and covers 45 years to 2002. As a precursor to a revised extended reanalysis product to replace ERA-40, ECMWF released ERA-Interim, which covers the period from 1979 to 2019. A new reanalysis product ERA5 (ERA fifth generation) has more recently been released by ECMWF as part of Copernicus Climate Change Services. This product has higher spatial resolution (31 km) and covers the period from 1979 to present. Extension back to 1940 became available in 2023 (Wiki ECMWF). For the time period 2000 - 2006, ERA5 data are replaced by ERA5.1. ERA5.1 was produced to improve the cold bias in the lower stratosphere seen in ERA5 during this period. ERA5.1 analyses have a better representation of upper stratospheric temperature and humidity (ECMWF ERA5.1 Technote).

ERA5 Land

Dataset: ERA5-Land provides hourly high resolution information of surface variables.

Temporal Coverage: 1950 - present

Temporal Resolution: hourly

Geographical Coverage: 90°N - 90°S

Vertical Resolution: 4 levels of surface model (Layer 1: 0 -7cm, Layer 2: 7 -28cm, Layer 3: 28-100cm, Layer 4: 100-289cm)

Horizontal Resolution: 0.1° x 0.1°

Description of main variables: Table of main variables

Data Format: GRIB

Data Source: ECMWF

Link: https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/datasets/reanalysis-era5-land?tab=overview

Access via Destination Earth: Jupyter Notebook published on terrabyte github

ERA5 Low Resolution

Dataset: Subset of the complete ERA5 global atmospheric reanalysis(provided by DLR-IMF, Bremen)

Temporal Coverage: 1979 - present

Temporal Resolution: 6-hourly (00, 06, 12, 18)

Geographical Coverage: 90°N - 90°S

Vertical Resolution: 137 model layers

Horizontal Resolution: 0.75°

Data Format: netCDF (conversion from GRIB using ECMWF grib_to_netcdf tool)

Data Source: ECMWF

Link: Complete ERA5 global atmospheric reanalysis

Citation: Hersbach H, Bell B, Berrisford P, et al. The ERA5 global reanalysis. Q J R Meteorol Soc. 2020; 146: 1999–2049, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803

terrabyte Catalog: Data Science Storage

Product Type	Variable
Pressure, height, temperature, humidity	lnsp_z_t_q
Wind vector components	u_v_w
Divergence	d_vo
Potential vorticity	pv
Boundary layer height	blh
Boundary layer height at 10 meter	blh_u10_v10
Total column ozone	o3
Low, mid, high, and total cloud cover, cloud cover, cloud ice water content, cloud liquid water content	lcc_mcc_hcc_tcc_cc_ciwc_clwc